Also see: Behind the Clinton Campaign: Dark Money Allies, Part 2
We’re going to dive into the web of financing for all of the presidential candidates, but as we have looked into several Republican candidates already – like Ted Cruz’s plethora of super PACs and Right to Rise’s pro-Jeb Bush advertising – we’re going to start this exercise over on the Democratic Party side with Hillary Clinton.[1]
We’ll be delving even deeper into the Clinton money network tomorrow morning, so keep your eyes peeled for part two. But for now, let’s get started!
Players You Should Know
To start with, here are the names you need to know and how they fit under our current campaign finance system.[2]
- Ready for Hillary PAC (hybrid super PAC)
- Ready PAC (hybrid super PAC, formerly Ready for Hillary)
- Hillary for America (candidate PAC)
- Priorities USA Action (super PAC)
- Correct the Record (super PAC)
- American Bridge 21st Century (super PAC)
- American Bridge 21st Century Foundation (501(c)(4))
- American Independent Institute (501(c)(4))
- Media Matters (501(c)(3))
- The Bonner Group
Now that you know who is involved, here’s the story we know right now of the money backing Hillary. It’s rather lengthy so in this post we’ll cover Ready for Hillary, Ready PAC, and Priorities USA Action. We’ll be looking at the rest tomorrow.
Ready for Hillary
First of all, it’s important to point out that the Hillary Clinton political fundraising machine started a full two years before she declared she was running for president. (At least, the one actually associated with her name did.)
On Jan. 25, 2013, Ready for Hillary formally organized by filing paperwork with the FEC. Clinton was directly involved with the super PAC at that point – you may remember the “Ready for Hillary” bus? Clinton was promoting her new book “Hard Choices” at that time (much like Ben Carson is promoting his book Gifted Hands now) and doing speaking events around the country.
Between January 2013 and when Clinton announced her intention to run for president in April 2015, Ready for Hillary raised about $12.9 million and spent $12.1 million. It ended the year in 2014 with $748,469 cash on hand.
Some notable donors during that time include billionaire Warren Buffett ($25,000) and Patricia Hoppey, the founder of direct mail marketing company Pivot ($60,000).
On its website, 270 Strategies documents its involvement in Ready for Hillary and offers it as case study in “tapping into organic grassroots energy around a potential Hillary Clinton presidential run.” It notes various steps taken during the 2014 campaign to “get out the vote” and to recruit volunteers to create “a movement nearly 4 million strong.”
On April 12, 2015, Hillary Clinton announced her intention to run for president, and Ready for Hillary evolved into its next iteration – Ready PAC – which we’ll discuss further below.
Hillary for America
After her announcement, funds poured into her candidate committee, Hillary for America. In fact, since her announcement, her PAC has raised more than $77 million dollars from 84,741 different transactions. So far, it has spent $44 million of that, including $4 million in online ads with the firm Bully Pulpit Interactive as well as $3.3 million in media buys and $5 million in direct marketing.
The Washington Post did a fine job recently of breaking down the complexities and the money involved in the Bill and Hillary campaign fundraising efforts. So for this part of our post, we’ll refer you to their excellent and extensive work.
Ready PAC
The day after Hillary announced her intention to run for President, Ready for Hillary officially changed its name to Ready PAC. Under FEC rules, super PACs are not allowed to coordinate with the candidate or the candidate’s committee, nor are they allowed to use the candidate’s name. Ready for Hillary had to change its name to keep operating.
Ergo: Ready PAC.
In the first half of 2015, Ready PAC had raised $3.1 million and spent $3.5 million. It currently lists $66,000 cash on hand.
Some notable donors to Ready PAC include:
- Amy Goldman Fowler, author and gardener, $250,000
- Barbara Lee, philanthropist, $189,000
- George Soros, philanthropist, $25,000
- Jon Corzine, former governor of New Jersey, $25,000
There are also two notable receipts from other super PACs: Priorities USA Action ($150,000) and American Bridge 21st Century ($150,000), both super PACs supporting Hillary Clinton’s 2016 run. This is where things start to get interesting.
Priorities USA Action
Priorities USA Action filed paperwork with the FEC on April 28, 2011. You may remember this group as the super PAC supporting Obama’s 2012 run; it has now evolved to support Clinton in 2016. So far in this election cycle, its independent expenditures have focused primarily on supporting Clinton and opposing pretty much the entire Republican field. The super PAC has raised $15,654,457 so far in 2015.
Some notable names on this list:
- Donald Sussman, Paloma Partners Management and liberal megadonor, $1 million
- Herbert Sandler, retired CEO of Global West Financial, $1 million
- Steven Spielberg, $1 million
- Haim and Cheyl Saban, Saban Entertainment (creators of shows such as Mighty Morphin’ Power Rangers), $2 million total
- Jeffery Katzenberg, CEO of DreamWorks Animation, $1 million
- George Soros, philanthropist, $1 million
The group also received $1 million from Fair Share Action, another super PAC which was founded in 2012. FEC records reflect that Fair Share Action has received just two contributions from two 527 organizations: Fair Share, Inc ($300,000) and Environment America, Inc. ($800,000). These organizations do not have to disclose their donors, so we don’t know who is funding them.
According to its website, Fair Share is a nonpartisan, nonprofit group advocating “for an America where everyone gets their fair share, does their fair share and pays their fair share; and where everyone plays by their own rules.” The group currently has a campaign advocating to rid politics of “big corporate money,” however, we could not find that the group disclosed its own donors on its website.
We also could not find donors listed on the website for Environmental America, Inc., a group advocating for conservation. For both organizations, we had to look under the disclosure on their donation page to make sure we had the right organizations. However, at least with both of these organizations we are aware of the causes they are championing.
Aside from the $1 million it bequeathed to Priorities USA Action, Fair Share Action has only made one other disbursement: $5,000 to Ready PAC. In the 2014 cycle, Fair Share Action’s independent expenditures were primarily supporting Rep. Gwen Graham, D-Fla., and former Sen. Mark Udall, D-Colo., in his failed bid for re-election against his Republican challenger, Sen. Cory Gardner.
Meanwhile, even though super PACs are not supposed to coordinate with the candidate or candidate committee, The New York Times reported this week that Bill Clinton will be making an appearance for the super PAC.
There’s More to the Story
So that’s the basic structure of the Clinton campaign finance structure – but there is much more to explore. In our next post tomorrow, we’ll cover how other organizations like American Bridge 21st Century and Correct the Record play into the Clinton campaign strategy.
Footnotes:
1. One caveat as we take on this endeavor: There’s an inherent problem with following the money before the election being that some of the public records needed to piece everything together aren’t available until years after the election is complete. There may be other groups that operate on the candidate’s behalf, but we’re only going to document the ones where we can find documented proof of money changing hands or interconnections between staff members. Of course, we’ll continue to post on our blog as we discover interesting things about the money being spent this cycle.
2. Super PACs fall under the jurisdiction of the Federal Election Commission, while 501(c)(4)s fall under the jurisdiction of the IRS. Also, “hybrid super PAC” means the PAC has two separate accounts: one account for coordinated expenses with the campaign and a separate account for independent expenditures made uncoordinated with any campaign or campaign committee.
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